Horace p



H. P. GALE. Evaporating Pan,

No. 79,464. Patented June30, 1868.

-N.PETER5, PHQTO-LITHDGRAPMER. WASHINGYON. D C.

@uitrit 'tetra ste-nt fitr-r.'`

Letters Patent No. 79,464, daad June so, 1868.

IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFATURE 0F SUGR.k

tlgt .Stimuli tsfrtttt it iu timeI etttts tant mit making mit at tigt stmt.

TO .ALL WH-OM IT MAY CONCERN: Be it known that I, HORACE GYALE, of Washington, in the county of Orange, and State of Vermont, have invented a new and improved 'Method ofAll/Iaking Sugar from all substancesoi which sugar is made ,"aud I do i herebydeclare that the following is a full and' exact description thereof, referencebeing had tothe accompany-- ing drawings, and'to the`letters of reference marked thereon.- v A The nature of my invention consists in the peculiar combination of ilues, dampers, stop-cocks, andsmoke stacks, by the useofuwhich the desired effect is obtainedrin the art of making sugar, namely, the great saving of fuel, a' great saving of time, a greateramount of sugar made from a given amount of the raw material, and a much superior article. v i

To" enableothersskilled in theart to make and-use my invention', will proceedlt'o describe its construci tion and operation.

First, construct my arch of brick, on a goodstone foundation, nine feet square. 1 I-then build my arch three feethigh, nine feet long, 'tive feet four inches .wide outside, with .a wing on the rght-,h'andside A, six feet three inches long, threei'ect eight incheswide, twenty inches high. Inside of the'arch, I build three partitions, the iirst,lengthwise,ktwentyiive inchesi'rom the lefthand Wall B, six i'eet six inches long, twofeet six inches high, as shown in section 1, forming two compartments, one "twenty-five inches wide,.the other ifteen inches wide. I nouY place atransverse partition the wide-twenty-iive inchl space, three feet from the front wall C, twenty-two incheshigh; this forms my fireplace, three feet long, twenty-fiveinches wide, thirty'inchesdeep, with door in front. I now place another transverse partition in the narrow-lifteen-inch compartment, fteen inches from the front wall C, and tn entytuo inches high,-forming a compartment at the right-hand corner ofthe fireplace, fifteen inches square and thirty inches deep. Back of this partition, around to the back of the other` transverse partition, I fill with earth `level with the topofeach partition, forming a space, under the evaporator or pan, seven inches deep'. I now placefalong damper of cast iron, tightlyviitting in a cast-iro'n frame,on the top ofitransverse partition at the back end-oi` the fireplace, which will just ll the space between the top of the partition and bottom of the pasfcllosng the space perfectly tight at will.' now. have a. second damper, which is round or square, .as I may choose, one foot, morev or less, in diameter; this I place in the first' long partition at thevfront end, as seen in section 1, at D. I nowplace a third damper, oftheisa'me style as the second, in the right-hand wall, four inches from the bottom','drectly pp'osite the second, as shownA in section 3, at E. I non' have a smoke-stack, made of sheet iron, or any other material suitable, 'one foot, more`or less, i -in diameter, as the case may require, and from nine feet high, more-or. less, with an elbow at the bottom, and a snug-fitting damper in the same, as seen at F, in'perspective. This elbow passes through the front Wall at the' end of the narrow fifteen-inch compartment, eight inches from thetop of the wall. I now place a grate inthe vireplace, six inches from the bottom, as seen in` section v2, at G. I Inew yplace a damper at the bottom olf the .left-hand wall B, at the farther left-hand corner of the fireplace under-the grate. -I\now place a. second smokestack, the same as the first, at the farther end of the wing part'othe arch, as. seen in perspective; this -I place on cast-iron plate on the top of the wall, or petit through the wall with ari elbow, it being"optional, `as seen at H. I now place a'transverse partition in the wing, halt' way from oneend'to the other, thirteen inches high. l .The arch completed, I now come to the evaporator or pan'. This I constructof'sheet iron, zinc, copper, or any other material suitable for the business, six feet eight 'inches lorig, four feet two inches wide, ten inches deep. Non I make nine holes, two inches in diameter, throughthe bottom of my pan, and the same through the end, iveof them over the twentyveinchcompartment, and' four over the fifteen-inch compartment, asI seen in section 4. The lshort fines which I insert in these holes, go through the bottom of the pan just back of the long. damper, and the long fines pass down through the bottom at the front end, as seen in section 4. These fines all have an elbow at one end that passes down .through the bottom. When they are properly adjusted, they are two ihehesv from'the bottom of the pan. These dues/I make of tin or any other-suitable metal. 4 Now I insert at the front rightfhaud corner, on the side, a stop-cock, which will drain' the pan without ever moving it from the arch. f

-I now proceed to setvthe pan inthe arch. I set it ydown six inches in the arch, which rests it on the long partition, the long damper, and the one-and-afhalt` iuchshoulder in the walls when built. I set the back end ofthe pan half an inch the highest to securedrainage. New there is a space ofone foot beyond the pan, which I cover with a cast-ironplate, as seen in perspective at I. lhroughthis plate, two inches from the pan, I cut a hole six inches wide and thirty inches long, and over which I place a sheet or cast-iron box,nine inches wide, seven and one-half inches deep,` thirtyone'inches long, on the front of which I 'engrave the title, King of the Forest. In this box, I place a ppe'o metal that is shaped something like a. kettle-bail. One end of this pipe passes'througb-.the end of the box, which connects with another pipe that leads to the sap-holder; the. other end passes through the front plate, into which' I insert a gauge-faucet, which empties into the pan.

New the whole thing is built, I will proceed to the operation.

First. In making maple` sugar, I would have my sap all strained when it goes into the holder, to Vfree it from all impurities, that the sap may not loe/colored.

Second. I fill my pan till the tlues are well covered, then I start the tire, of either wood or coal, open the long damper back of fireplace, and at the bottom of door, andlin the smoke-stack F, also the gauge-faucet that supplies the pan. All is'nowinrunnin'g order,with the fire passing under-the pan. and through the short iiues .to' the hot-air chamber at the back end of the pan; then it is brought through the fiFtc-:en-inch compartment, and

the long ues, to the smoke-staek F. -Now it is well knownlto all men, and boys, that when the liquid is very sweetit does not evaporate half so fast. lWhen it gets downto this state, I then open the stop-cock at the.l corner of the pan,and draw the sirup into the purifier orgrainer in the wing, which is constructed of zinc or" iron, five feet one and a half inch long, three feet wide, one foot deep, as seen in lperspective at J, and set three' inches' deep in the wall.. I f

I draw olf till the fines in the pan are just barely covered, to prevent injury. NowI closethe damper in the smoke-stack, at F, and open the damper E, as seen in'fperspeetive, and in section 3, and in smoke-stack; as seen at K.- Now both pans are in full operation to` the greatest possible advantage. As it evaporates in the grainer, I supply from the big pan, asseen at Ii. .-Now, then, I run 4it in this way till I wish` to Igrain what-I have in the grainer'; then, ifthe lire is too strong for this part of the business, I open partly the damper, at F, in smoke-stack, and partly close the damper in smoke-stack, at K.` I regula-te the heat under the graiuer at will.

The next operation is close by.l The sap is nearly o ut of the big holderfandfwben it is, I disconnect the pipe from the .holder tothe heater, and take the heater olf and set aside, cover up the open'place with a east or sheet-iron plate. Now, then, it soon boils 'clown till the ues are nearly bare, then close the damper in the door, and open the one at the bottom of the wall under the grate,and the one in the long partition.- lNow I reverse-my draught and fire, close the long damper, andthe re passes directly out of the smoke-stack, at F, or passes through `to the other smoke-stack if wantedfthere, wholly at my will. y

New the sugar in the grain'er is done. .I take it out itI wish to put it into a tub for drainage; if not', I do it'clow-n dry' for stirring into lumps, which I cle before I remove from the grainer. Thisdone, I repair for home with Aa big days workpdone, and a beautiful article of sugar.

Now, gentlemen, if you could see and taste this sugar, as I do, you would detect no taste of buds, leaves, 'or barks, or bitter from scorching; nothing but a pure'white beautiful article, which readily commands ve dollars to the hundred pounds more than that made in the ordinary way,'where it is full of soot, ashes, and all other impurities, black as tar, and about as goed. I repeatif you could see all this, as I do, I freely believe my prayer to you would lJelanswered.` Y' v You will naturally inquire, is this allpso? I answer, yes; first, because it"is wellknewn to many scientific farmers thatI the more rapid the evaporation is carried on, the better the sugar; iu this-you have it. Again, they understand that the longer the heat can he kept in the works, before reaching the`smoke-staclr, theless fuel it takesjin this you'have itl Also, they lcnow, to their sorrow, that it is'. extremely dicult to grain their sugar without scorching, on account ofthe blaze of the fire coming in contact with the bottom of the grainer;

it' this takes place,the sugar'is sui-'ely scorched.- But in this, all that very serious trouble is obvia'ted. My grainer is sofi'ar fromV the fire'that no hlazekwill ever enter the wing; nothing but heated air, and of that any amount vfI please. Again, I finish my sugar hy the same fire that I boil it down with; hence, I make a great saving in fuel, and in the quantity of sugar, as' the sirup shrinks t'wo per cent. by standing over nightm' The whole expense of graining is saved in this King ofthe Forest, for it operates on time the same as pn fuel; the same time that isrequired to yevaporate does the graining 4 What I claim as my invention, andtvish to secure by Letters Patentfisl .The peculiar construction of the inside of my arch, arrangement of`smoke-stae`ks, the application of tlues in my pan, and the combination of dempers and stop-cocks to produce tho advantages herein set forth.

" Hennen'. r. GALE.

Witnesses:

N. A. 'IAYLon, GaAs. Goss. 

